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加大逆周期调节力度 推动经济持续向好,加大逆周期调节力度 推动经济持续向好_我的网站

A |     　　好评中国·“经”彩开局｜加大逆周期调节力度 推动经济持续向好　　当前我国经济呈现出动能向新、结构向优的发展态势，但“供强需弱”的矛盾依然较为突出。近期召开的中共中央政治局会议在部署下半年经济工作时强调，“加大逆周期调节力度”。　　所谓逆周期调节，是指政府根据经济周期阶段，通过政策工具和措施让整个经济周期的波动性平缓，更好促进经济发展。    Nation deepening partnerships through major energy projects in Latin America    As the world's transition toward more sustainable development accelerates, China and Latin America are embracing broader and deeper energy cooperation, leveraging cutting-edge technological innovations to power a green future for the Global South.     From State Grid Corp of China's Belo Monte Ultra High Voltage Direct Current Phase II transmission line in Brazil, to China Three Gorges Corp's comprehensive digital modernization of Brazil's legacy Jupia and Ilha Solteira hydropower stations, and the Cauchari solar project in Argentina, jointly undertaken by Power Construction Corp of China and Shanghai Electric Power Construction Co, China and Latin America are jointly setting new benchmarks for cross-border clean energy integration.    These flagship projects go beyond traditional capital investment, representing a deeper leverage of China's technological standards and management expertise. By upgrading legacy infrastructure, Chinese enterprises are powering Latin America's green transition for more secure regional grid stability.    This strategic momentum is guided by top-level diplomacy and shared visions.    While addressing the opening ceremony of the fourth ministerial meeting of the China-CELAC (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) Forum last year, President Xi Jinping noted that by adapting to the overriding trend of economic globalization, China and Latin America have continuously deepened pragmatic cooperation in fields including trade, investment and infrastructure construction.    Xi emphasized that both sides should strengthen the alignment of development strategies and advance high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, calling for efforts to deepen cooperation in traditional areas such as energy and minerals, while expanding cooperation in emerging sectors including clean energy.    Such top-level commitment builds on a long-standing strategic alignment. As President Xi pointed out at the China-Latin American and Caribbean Countries Leaders' Meeting in 2014, "China and Latin America are highly complementary in economy and closely aligned in development strategies, granting us natural advantages in strengthening cooperation".    With such a strategic blueprint in sight, top Chinese energy regulators have emphasized the pivotal role of this cross-border synergy.    Ren Jingdong, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, said that energy collaboration is a crucial component of pragmatic cooperation between China and Latin America, achieving remarkable results.    "As China and Latin American countries have actively promoted energy transition and the development of renewables in recent years, new energy cooperation has emerged as a new highlight and a fresh driver for China-Latin America energy synergy," Ren said.    Guided by these high-level consensuses, Chinese enterprises have delivered monumental infrastructure breakthroughs on the ground.    Brazil has grappled for decades with a severe structural challenge. While its northern Amazon basin boasts abundant hydroelectric resources, the vast majority of its industrial and residential power demand is concentrated in the southeast. The 2,534-kilometer Belo Monte Phase II project, independently invested, constructed and operated by State Grid Corp of China under a 30-year concession agreement, bridges this divide. As a vital "green artery", it transmits massive volumes of hydropower directly to metropolitan load centers like Rio de Janeiro.    "The megaproject ensures a highly stable and reliable power supply for Brazil's core economic regions, successfully resolving the nation's developmental bottleneck of spatial energy mismatch," said Ye Xiaoning, a senior engineer at the State Grid Energy Research Institute.    Ye emphasized that the project establishes a global paradigm for cross-regional clean energy transmission, proving the safety, maturity and global applicability of China's ultra-high-voltage grid technologies.    Beyond Brazil, China's clean energy footprint is having a transformative impact across other extreme terrains in South America. In Argentina, the Cauchari solar project stands as one of South America's largest single photovoltaic power stations, and is the world's highest-altitude solar park.    Situated over 4,000 meters above sea level in the Andes Mountains, the 315-megawatt complex features more than 1.2 million solar panels. The landmark installation has ended Jujuy province's long-standing reliance on power transmitted from other provinces, achieving local energy self-sufficiency.    Furthermore, China's unparalleled expertise in hydropower operation has breathed new life into Brazil's legacy energy assets. Through a landmark $3.7 billion transaction establishing a 30-year concession, CTG Brasil officially took over the operation of the Jupia and Ilha Solteira hydropower stations, which feature a combined capacity of nearly 5 million kilowatts and meet the electricity needs of over 6 million people annually.    Rather than merely managing the aging infrastructure, CTG initiated a monumental technical overhaul. By upgrading mechanical equipment that had operated for nearly half a century into fully digital and intelligent monitoring systems across 12 generating units, CTG successfully performed a "heart transplant" on the legacy power hubs.    Industry observers said these milestone projects are just the beginning. As more Latin American nations accelerate their ecological transition, Chinese enterprises are poised to deepen their engagement through localized manufacturing, joint research and green financing under the framework of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.    As this Sino-Latin American energy synergy continues to unfold, it proves that China's mature grid and generation solutions are essential enablers for emerging economies seeking to decarbonize at affordable costs while maintaining power stability and self-sufficiency, said Ye.    "Together, China and Latin America are actively charting a shared, sustainable course for the global energy revolution and setting a powerful example for Global South cooperation," he said.                    。通俗讲，就是在经济过热时适度“踩刹车”，在经济下行遇冷时果断“加油门”。这种调节是对市场机制的必要补充。市场自身存在顺周期特性，繁荣时易过度乐观、投资膨胀，衰退时过度悲观、需求萎缩，这种自我强化的循环往往加剧经济波动。而逆周期调节通过提前释放政策信号，能够进一步引导经营主体强信心、稳定社会预期。　　当前，经济运行中出现了一些新变化、新动向，但也面临一些困难和挑战。从供求关系看，消费新增长点不断涌现，但商品消费恢复偏缓，投资内生动力不足；从经济结构看，新产业、新业态、新模式较快成长，但部分传统产业和中小企业经营面临困难，不同行业、不同区域在新旧动能转换中发展出现分化。此时加大逆周期调节力度，能够有效对冲经济下行压力、扩大有效内需、稳定市场信心。　　逆周期调节涉及财政、货币、产业等多领域，若步调不一致，极易产生“合成谬误”。

B | 因此，必须坚持系统思维，强化政策协同，在“适时调整”中把握好力度与节奏。今年以来，财政金融协同促内需一揽子政策加快落地，效果逐步显现。

C | 接下来，需要实施好更加积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，加快财政支出和债券资金使用进度，推动尽快形成实物工作量。　　从货币政策看，总量工具与结构性工具的搭配使用，是逆周期调节的鲜明特色。总量工具保障流动性合理充裕，为市场提供稳定的利率预期；结构性工具则要精准滴灌，定向支持扩大内需、科技创新和中小微企业等重点领域。7月，新发放企业贷款加权平均利率略低于3%，融资成本实实在在降下来了，更多中长期资金加速流向制造业、中小微企业和科技创新领域。　　从财政政策看，则要在“积极”上做足文章。一方面，推动各项既定政策落地实施，合理加快资金使用进度，持续支持扩大有效投资，挖掘消费潜力，强化民生保障，促进基层财政平稳运行。今年前7个月，设备工器具购置投资同比增长9.0%，不少制造业企业借此契机完成了产线的“焕新升级”。另一方面，根据宏观经济运行情况，及时谋划出台务实管用的增量政策，为实现经济质的有效提升和量的合理增长提供有力支撑。　　长远来看，解决我国稳增长和提质增效的问题，需要加强逆周期调节与跨周期调节政策的密切配合，引导资源精准流向实体经济、科技创新、绿色低碳发展等重点领域。盘活存量政策、用好增量工具，强化协同联动、狠抓落地见效，持续提升宏观调控效能，必将有力推动我国经济持续向新向优向好发展。(中国经济网专栏作者 乔瑞庆)　　来源：中国经济网。

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